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Shichidō garan
is a Japanese Buddhist term indicating the seven halls composing the ideal Buddhist temple compound. This compound word is composed by the word , literally meaning "seven halls", and , meaning "temple". The term is often shortened to just ''garan''. Which seven halls the term refers to varies, and it is also pointed out that 七堂 is possibly a misinterpretation of , meaning a complete temple.〔Iwanami Kōjien〕〔Kōsetsu Bukkyō Daijiten (広説仏教語大辞典)〕〔The Japanese character 七 can also be pronounced ''shitsu''.〕 In practice, ''shichidō garan'' often simply means a large temple with many buildings. See below for more details about what are the possible seven buildings included.
==Etymology and history of the term==
〔Also called and 〕 in Japanese is an abbreviated form of the expression , itself a transliteration of the Sanskrit ''saMghaaraama'' (सँघाराम), literally meaning "garden for monks".〔JAANUS, ''garan''〕 A Japanese ''garan'' was originally just a park where monks gathered together with their teacher, but the term later came to mean "Buddhist temple".
The word ''garan'' can be found in a record in Nihon Shoki dated 552, although no monastery of this time survives, so we don't know what they were like.〔
The compound word is found in a much more recent literature of Edo period,〔〔Nihon Kokugo Daijiten〕 referring to a complex that had a complete set of buildings forming an ideal Buddhist temple.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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